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Fluconazole

Grade

Sensitive Infections

See through space

Experimental Protocols

  • Aspergillus Keratitis (experimental Infection): 20-40 mg/kg IV, PO, q12h (Avunduk et al., 2003)

  • Cryptococcal Meningitis (experimental Infection): 5mg/kg. PO, q24h (Miller et al., 2004)

  • Coccidioidal Meningitis (experimental Infection): 80 mg/kg, PO, q24h × 21d (Sorensen et al., 2000)

  • Systemic Fungal Disease: 15-50 mg/kg, Slow IV q12h PK data (Louie et al., 1998); 80 mg/kg, PO, q24h(Hughes et al., 1988)

  • Systemic Fungal Infections/Experimental Candidiasis: Combination therapy (Img/kg, q24h, IV with Fluconazole (100 mg/kg, q24h, IP). (Sanati et al., 1997).

Therapeutics

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Proposed Adverse effects 


Rabbits

  • Hepatotoxicity: No evidence presented (Smith, 2022)

  • Cardiotoxicity: Congestive heart failure - No evidence presented (Smith, 2022)

Evidence

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1 Species-Specific Evidence Review

  1. Avunduk, A.M., Beuerman, R.W., Warnel, E.D., Kaufman, H.E., Greer, D., 2003. Comparison of efficacy of topical and oral fluconazole treatment in experimental Aspergillus keratitis. Curr Eye Res 26, 113–117. https://doi.org/10.1076/ceyr.26.2.113.14514

  2. Filler, S.G., Crislip, M.A., Mayer, C.L., Edwards, J.E., 1991. Comparison of fluconazole and amphotericin B for treatment of disseminated candidiasis and endophthalmitis in rabbits. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 35, 288–292.

  3. Hughes, C.E., Bennett, R.L., Tuna, I.C., Beggs, W.H., 1988. Activities of fluconazole (UK 49,858) and ketoconazole against ketoconazole-susceptible and -resistant Candida albicans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 32, 209–212.

  4. Louie, A., Liu, Q.-F., Drusano, G.L., Liu, W., Mayers, M., Anaissie, E., Miller, M.H., 1998. Pharmacokinetic Studies of Fluconazole in Rabbits Characterizing Doses Which Achieve Peak Levels in Serum and Area under  the Concentration-Time Curve Values Which Mimic  Those of High-Dose Fluconazole in Humans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42, 1512–1514.

  5. Miller, J.L., Schell, W.A., Wills, E.A., Toffaletti, D.L., Boyce, M., Benjamin, D.K., Bartroli, J., Perfect, J.R., 2004. In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacies of the New Triazole Albaconazole against Cryptococcus neoformans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 48, 384–387. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.48.2.384-387.2004

  6. Perfect, J.R., 1990. Fluconazole therapy for experimental cryptococcosis and candidiasis in the rabbit. Rev Infect Dis 12 Suppl 3, S299-302. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/12.supplement_3.s299

  7. Sanati, H., Ramos, C.F., Bayer, A.S., Ghannoum, M.A., 1997. Combination therapy with amphotericin B and fluconazole against invasive candidiasis in neutropenic-mouse and infective-endocarditis rabbit models. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 41, 1345–1348.

  8. Sorensen, K.N., Sobel, R.A., Clemons, K.V., Pappagianis, D., Stevens, D.A., Williams, P.L., 2000. Comparison of Fluconazole and Itraconazole in a Rabbit Model of Coccidioidal Meningitis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 44, 1512–1517.

Supplementary Information 

5.2 Additional Material Consulted

  1. Carpenter, J.W., Harms, C.A. (Eds.), 2023. Carpenter’s Exotic Animal Formulary, Sixth edition. ed. Elsevier, St. Louis, Missouri.

  2. Smith, M., 2022. Textbook of Rabbit Medicine,  3rd Edition, Elsevier Limited.  Available from: vbk://9780702084041.

Monograph Details

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